What is the function of the differential in a vehicle’s undercarriage?

The differential is a crucial component in a vehicle's undercarriage that plays a vital role in handling and performance, particularly during turns. Its primary function is to distribute power from the engine to the wheels while allowing them to rotate at different speeds. This is essential for smooth cornering; when a vehicle turns, the outside wheels travel a longer distance than the inside wheels. The differential compensates for this difference in wheel speed by enabling the wheels to turn at their respective rates, which enhances stability and control.

In addition to facilitating smooth turns, the differential also helps to maintain traction and prevents skidding, contributing to overall vehicle safety and driving comfort. This function is especially important in vehicles driven under various conditions, such as turns on slippery or uneven surfaces.